you want to know what is a DHCP? the first clue is to know what does DHCP stand, DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP enables one computer on a network to mange the settings for many other computers in the same network. DHCP provides IP Address, Gateway and DNS settings to a client. a client is a PC for example

you can use DHCP to provide remote configuration of the networking address, routing and DNS settings for other deices on a network.